Let’s learn matrix addition and subtraction in java.
Matrix addition and subtraction in java
A matrix represents a two-dimensional array. Here user enters the number of rows and columns.
Nested for loop is used to read the input. Outer for loop “m” ranges from 0 to number of rows of the matrix.
Meanwhile inner for loop “n” ranges from 0 to number of columns of matrix.
The input is read using nextInt() method of class Scanner and stored in x[m][n] and y[m][n] position.
After reading elements, two for loops is used to add two matrices with loop index. Then finally result is stored in z[m][n] array.
Here’s matrix addition in java and sum of matrix elements in java.
// matrix addition java import java.util.Scanner; public class MatrixAdditionDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Please enter number of rows : "); int row = sc.nextInt(); System.out.println("Please enter number of columns : "); int col = sc.nextInt(); int[][] x = new int[row][col]; int[][] y = new int[row][col]; System.out.println("Please enter first matrix - "); for(int m = 0; m < row; m++) { for(int n = 0; n < col; n++) { x[m][n] = sc.nextInt(); } } System.out.println("Please enter second matrix - "); for(int m = 0; m < row; m++) { for(int n = 0; n < col; n++) { y[m][n] = sc.nextInt(); } } // matrix java int[][] z = new int[row][col]; for(int m = 0; m < row; m++) { for(int n = 0; n < col; n++) { // matrix addition in java z[m][n] = x[m][n] + y[m][n]; } } System.out.println("The addition of two matrices is - "); for(int m = 0; m < row; m++) { for(int n = 0; n < col; n++) { System.out.print(z[m][n] + " "); } System.out.println(); } sc.close(); } }
Output:

Similar to matrix addition in java we can write java program to subtract two matrices.
// matrix subtraction in java import java.util.Scanner; public class MatrixSubtractionDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Please enter number of rows : "); int row = sc.nextInt(); System.out.println("Please enter number of columns : "); int col = sc.nextInt(); int[][] x = new int[row][col]; int[][] y = new int[row][col]; System.out.println("Please enter first matrix - "); for(int m = 0; m < row; m++) { for(int n = 0; n < col; n++) { x[m][n] = sc.nextInt(); } } System.out.println("Please enter second matrix - "); for(int m = 0; m < row; m++) { for(int n = 0; n < col; n++) { y[m][n] = sc.nextInt(); } } int[][] z = new int[row][col]; for(int m = 0; m < row; m++) { for(int n = 0; n < col; n++) { // subtraction java z[m][n] = x[m][n] - y[m][n]; } } System.out.println("The subtraction of two matrices is - "); for(int m = 0; m < row; m++) { for(int n = 0; n < col; n++) { System.out.print(z[m][n] + " "); } System.out.println(); } sc.close(); } }
Output:

Also read – variables in java